Conditional Sentence Quiz

Conditional Sentence

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Conditional Sentence Type 0

 

Conditional type zero is used to talk about general truths, scientific facts or things which always happen under certain conditions.

Form:

If + Simple Present, + Simple Present

Use:

The zero conditional is used to talk about things which are always true, scientific facts, general truths:

Examples:

If you cross an international date line, the time changes.
Phosphorus burns if you expose it to air.
If I wake up early, I go jogging.

NOTE: you can use "when" instead of "if".

Conditional Sentence Type 1

Often called the "real" conditional because it is used for real or possible situations. These situations take place if a certain condition is met. It is possible and also very likely that the condition will be fulfilled.

Form:

If + Simple Present, + Simple Future

Use

Conditional Sentences Type 1 refer to the future. An action in the future will only happen if a certain condition is fulfilled by that time. We don't know for sure whether the condition actually will be fulfilled or not, but the conditions seems rather realistic – so we think it is likely to happen.

Example:

If I have enough time, I'll watch the football match.

I may have time to watch the match but I'm not sure about it.

Conditional Sentence Type 2

Often called the "unreal" conditional because it is used for unreal impossible or improbable situations. This conditional provides an imaginary result for a given situation. It is very unlikely that the condition will be fulfilled.

Form:

if + Simple Past, + would + base verb

Were / Was

In conditional type 2, we usually use in the if clause "were" instead of "was" even if the pronoun is I, he, she or it. "were" here is a subjunctive form.

NOTE "was" is also a possible form.

Example:

If I were a millionaire, I would buy a castle.

Use

Conditional Sentences Type 2 refer to an action in the present that could happen if the present situation were different. I don't really expect the situation to change because it is very unlikely.

Example:

If I had a lot of money, I would travel around the world.

Conditional Sentence Type 3

It is impossible that the condition will be met because it refers to the past.

Form:

if + Past Perfect, + would + have + Past Participle

Use

Conditional Sentences Type 3 refer to situations in the past. They express hypothetical results to past given situations.

Example:

If he had been careful, he wouldn't have had that terrible accident.

Sometimes in the past, he was careless. He drove so fast. So he had a terrible accident

Things to remember

1. The main clause can also be at the beginning of the sentence. In this case, don't use a comma.

Examples:

"Phosphorus burns if you expose it to air."
" I will send her an invitation if I find her address."
" I would travel around the world if I had a million dollars."
"He wouldn't have had that terrible accident if he had been careful."

2. Main clause and/or if clause might be negative.

Example:

If I don’t see him this afternoon, I will phone him in the evening.
If he had been careful, he wouldn't have had an accident.

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Passive Voice Quiz

Passive Voice

WHAT IS VOICE?

In English grammar, voice doesn't mean the sound you make when you speak. It shows whether the subject is doing the action, or having the action done to it.

ACTIVE VOICE

The verb is in the active voice when the subject does the action.
Example: A cat ate the fish (Subject:cat/ Verb: ate/Object: fish)
                 Here, the doer of the action is the cat and the verb ate is in the active voice.

When action is done to the subject, the verb is in the passive voice . The previous object (fish) is now used as the subject

 Example: The fish was eaten by a cat. (Verb: eaten, Subject : fish)
                   Here, action is done to the subject, and the verb "was eaten" is in the passive voice.

USE OF THE THE PASSIVE VOICE

We use the action voice whenever we can.
We use the passive when:
* We want to make the active object more important
* We do not know the active subject
* We prefer not naming

Note that we always use by to introduce the passive object.
Example: Fish are eaten by cats
We use 'by' only when we have to

VERBS WITH TWO OBJECTS

A verb can have two objects- a person and a thing. Such a verb can have two possible passive voices.
Example 1:
Active: The salesmen shows Nick a new computer./ The salesmen shows a new computer to Nick.
Passive: Nick is shown  a new computer. / A new computer is shown to Nick

Example 2: 
Active: We lent Bob some money./ We lent some money to Bob.
Passive: Bob was lent some money. / Some money was lent to Bob.

CHANGING ACTIVE TO PASSIVE

In changing a sentence from active voice to one in passive voice, we make the object of the passive
 voice sentence the subject of the passive voice sentence.

The verb used in a passive voice sentence is formed by adding the past participle to "to be" (am, is, are, was, were, has been, have been, will be, etc.)

Passive verbs have the same tenses (simple present tense, present continuous tense, present perfect tense, etc as the active verbs.)

Only verbs which take on an object can be changed to the passive.

Examples: He runs away. (This sentence has no object, so it's not possible to turn it into a passive sentence.)

Here are the examples of sentences in active voice and passive voice in the present tense.

Examples of sentences in active voice and their equivalent sentence in the passive voice in the past tense are shown in this table.

MODALS AND INFINITIVE 

 Will /Can / Must / Have to etc. + be + Past Participle

VIDEO OF PASSIVE VOICE LESSON